Edexcel M3 2016 June — Question 6 14 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleM3 (Mechanics 3)
Year2016
SessionJune
Marks14
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicCircular Motion 2
TypeParticle on outer surface of sphere
DifficultyStandard +0.8 This is a challenging M3 circular motion problem requiring multiple connected steps: energy conservation for part (a), circular motion equation with normal reaction = 0 at leaving point for part (b), and projectile motion with geometric constraints for part (c). The 7-mark final part demands careful coordinate geometry and trajectory analysis. While the techniques are standard M3 content, the multi-stage reasoning and geometric complexity place it above average difficulty.
Spec3.02i Projectile motion: constant acceleration model6.05e Radial/tangential acceleration

\includegraphics{figure_1} A smooth solid hemisphere of radius 0.5 m is fixed with its plane face on a horizontal floor. The plane face has centre \(O\) and the highest point of the surface of the hemisphere is \(A\). A particle \(P\) has mass 0.2 kg. The particle is projected horizontally with speed \(u\) m s\(^{-1}\) from \(A\) and leaves the hemisphere at the point \(B\), where \(OB\) makes an angle \(\theta\) with \(OA\), as shown in Figure 1. The point \(B\) is at a vertical distance of 0.1 m below the level of \(A\). The speed of \(P\) at \(B\) is \(v\) m s\(^{-1}\)
  1. Show that \(v^2 = u^2 + 1.96\) [3]
  2. Find the value of \(u\). [4]
The particle first strikes the floor at the point \(C\).
  1. Find the length of \(OC\). [7]

Part (a)
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMarks Guidance
Energy A to B \(\frac{1}{2} \times 0.2v^2 - \frac{1}{2} \times 0.2u^2 = 0.2g \times 0.1\)M1A1
\(v^2 - u^2 = 0.2g\)
\(v^2 = u^2 + 1.96\) *A1 cso (3)
Part (b)
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMarks Guidance
\(mg\cos\theta(-R) = m\frac{v^2}{r}\)M1 Attempt NL2 at B. Normal contact force is zero here so need not be seen in the equation
\(R = 0 \Rightarrow g \times \frac{4}{5} = \frac{(u^2 + 1.96)}{0.5}\)A1 Fully correct equation with \(R = 0\) and substitution for \(v^2\)
\(0.4g = u^2 + 1.96\)
\(u^2 = 1.96\), \(u = 1.4\) or 1.40DM1, A1 (4) Solve for a numerical value for \(u^2\) or \(u\) Correct value for \(u\), must be 1.4
Part (c)
AnswerMarks Guidance
Answer/WorkingMarks Guidance
Vert speed \(= v\sin\theta = \frac{3}{5}\sqrt{0.4g}\) (\(= 1.1879...\)) or \(\frac{21\sqrt{2}}{25}\)M1 Attempt the vertical speed, (\(v\sin\theta\) or \(v\cos\theta\), with their value for \(v\) (not their value of \(u\)) and an attempt at a numerical value for the trig function.
\(0.4 = \frac{3}{5}\sqrt{0.4g}t + \frac{1}{2}gt^2\)M1A1ft Correct equation, follow through their vertical speed
\(4.9t^2 + 1.1879...t - 0.4 = 0\)
\(t = \frac{-1.1879 \pm \sqrt{1.1879^2 + 4 \times 4.9 \times 0.4}}{9.8}\)
\(t = 0.1891...\) (\(t > 0\))A1
Horiz speed \(= v\cos\theta = \frac{4}{5}\sqrt{0.4g}\)M1 Attempt the horizontal speed, (trig function used to be different to that used for the vertical) with their value for \(v\) and an attempt at a numerical value for the trig function. Allow if value of \(u\) is used, provided there is an attempt to resolve.
Horiz distance \(= \frac{4}{5}\sqrt{0.4g} \times 0.1891... = 0.2995\)A1
\(OC = 0.3 + 0.2995... = 0.5995...\) \(OC = 0.60\) or 0.600 mA1ft (7) [14]
Key Notes:
- (a)M1: Energy equation from A to B: A difference of KE terms = loss of GPE mass m, 0.2 or already cancelled. Must be clearly an energy equation and not uniform acceleration.
- (a)A1: Completely correct equation mass \(m\), 0.2 or already cancelled.
- (a)A1cso: Rearrange to the GIVEN form mass \(m\), 0.2 or previously cancelled.
- (b)M1: Attempt NL2 at B. Normal contact force is zero here so need not be seen in the equation
- (b)A1: Fully correct equation with \(R = 0\) and substitution for \(v^2\)
- (b)DM1: Solve for a numerical value for \(u^2\) or \(u\)
- (b)A1: Correct value for \(u\), must be 1.4
- (c)M1: Attempt the vertical speed, \(v\sin\theta\) or \(v\cos\theta\), with their value for \(v\) (not their value of \(u\)) and an attempt at a numerical value for the trig function.
- (c)M1: Use \(s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2\) with their vertical speed. Must have attempted to resolve the speed.
- (c)A1ft: Correct equation, follow through their vertical speed
- (c)A1: Correct value of \(t\) (no ft here)
- (c)M1: Attempt the horizontal speed, (trig function used to be different to that used for the vertical) with their value for \(v\) and an attempt at a numerical value for the trig function. Allow if value of \(u\) is used, provided there is an attempt to resolve.
- (c)A1: Correct horizontal distance
- (c)A1ft: Add their horizontal distance to 0.3. Answer must be 2 or 3 sf.
### Part (a)

| Answer/Working | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Energy A to B $\frac{1}{2} \times 0.2v^2 - \frac{1}{2} \times 0.2u^2 = 0.2g \times 0.1$ | M1A1 | |
| $v^2 - u^2 = 0.2g$ | | |
| $v^2 = u^2 + 1.96$ * | A1 cso | (3) |

### Part (b)

| Answer/Working | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| $mg\cos\theta(-R) = m\frac{v^2}{r}$ | M1 | Attempt NL2 at B. Normal contact force is zero here so need not be seen in the equation |
| $R = 0 \Rightarrow g \times \frac{4}{5} = \frac{(u^2 + 1.96)}{0.5}$ | A1 | Fully correct equation with $R = 0$ and substitution for $v^2$ |
| $0.4g = u^2 + 1.96$ | | |
| $u^2 = 1.96$, $u = 1.4$ or 1.40 | DM1, A1 | (4) Solve for a numerical value for $u^2$ or $u$ Correct value for $u$, must be 1.4 |

### Part (c)

| Answer/Working | Marks | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Vert speed $= v\sin\theta = \frac{3}{5}\sqrt{0.4g}$ ($= 1.1879...$) or $\frac{21\sqrt{2}}{25}$ | M1 | Attempt the vertical speed, ($v\sin\theta$ or $v\cos\theta$, with their value for $v$ (not their value of $u$) and an attempt at a numerical value for the trig function. |
| $0.4 = \frac{3}{5}\sqrt{0.4g}t + \frac{1}{2}gt^2$ | M1A1ft | Correct equation, follow through their vertical speed |
| $4.9t^2 + 1.1879...t - 0.4 = 0$ | | |
| $t = \frac{-1.1879 \pm \sqrt{1.1879^2 + 4 \times 4.9 \times 0.4}}{9.8}$ | | |
| $t = 0.1891...$ ($t > 0$) | A1 | |
| Horiz speed $= v\cos\theta = \frac{4}{5}\sqrt{0.4g}$ | M1 | Attempt the horizontal speed, (trig function used to be different to that used for the vertical) with their value for $v$ and an attempt at a numerical value for the trig function. Allow if value of $u$ is used, provided there is an attempt to resolve. |
| Horiz distance $= \frac{4}{5}\sqrt{0.4g} \times 0.1891... = 0.2995$ | A1 | |
| $OC = 0.3 + 0.2995... = 0.5995...$ $OC = 0.60$ or 0.600 m | A1ft | (7) [14] |

**Key Notes:**
- (a)M1: Energy equation from A to B: A difference of KE terms = loss of GPE mass m, 0.2 or already cancelled. Must be clearly an energy equation and not uniform acceleration.
- (a)A1: Completely correct equation mass $m$, 0.2 or already cancelled.
- (a)A1cso: Rearrange to the GIVEN form mass $m$, 0.2 or previously cancelled.
- (b)M1: Attempt NL2 at B. Normal contact force is zero here so need not be seen in the equation
- (b)A1: Fully correct equation with $R = 0$ and substitution for $v^2$
- (b)DM1: Solve for a numerical value for $u^2$ or $u$
- (b)A1: Correct value for $u$, must be 1.4
- (c)M1: Attempt the vertical speed, $v\sin\theta$ or $v\cos\theta$, with their value for $v$ (not their value of $u$) and an attempt at a numerical value for the trig function.
- (c)M1: Use $s = ut + \frac{1}{2}at^2$ with their vertical speed. Must have attempted to resolve the speed.
- (c)A1ft: Correct equation, follow through their vertical speed
- (c)A1: Correct value of $t$ (no ft here)
- (c)M1: Attempt the horizontal speed, (trig function used to be different to that used for the vertical) with their value for $v$ and an attempt at a numerical value for the trig function. Allow if value of $u$ is used, provided there is an attempt to resolve.
- (c)A1: Correct horizontal distance
- (c)A1ft: Add their horizontal distance to 0.3. Answer must be 2 or 3 sf.

---
\includegraphics{figure_1}

A smooth solid hemisphere of radius 0.5 m is fixed with its plane face on a horizontal floor. The plane face has centre $O$ and the highest point of the surface of the hemisphere is $A$. A particle $P$ has mass 0.2 kg. The particle is projected horizontally with speed $u$ m s$^{-1}$ from $A$ and leaves the hemisphere at the point $B$, where $OB$ makes an angle $\theta$ with $OA$, as shown in Figure 1. The point $B$ is at a vertical distance of 0.1 m below the level of $A$. The speed of $P$ at $B$ is $v$ m s$^{-1}$

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Show that $v^2 = u^2 + 1.96$ [3]
\item Find the value of $u$. [4]
\end{enumerate}

The particle first strikes the floor at the point $C$.

\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\setcounter{enumi}{2}
\item Find the length of $OC$. [7]
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel M3 2016 Q6 [14]}}