Standard +0.3 This is a standard two-string equilibrium problem requiring resolution of forces in two perpendicular directions and basic trigonometry. While it involves multiple steps (resolving horizontally and vertically, then finding both tension and angle), the method is routine for M1 students and requires no novel insight—just systematic application of equilibrium conditions with clearly defined angles.
\includegraphics{figure_3}
A particle of mass 0.3 kg is held at rest by two light inextensible strings. One string is attached at an angle of \(60°\) to a horizontal ceiling. The other string is attached at an angle \(α°\) to a vertical wall (see diagram). The tension in the string attached to the ceiling is 4 N.
Find the tension in the string which is attached to the wall and find the value of \(α\). [6]
0.3g + T cos – 4 sin 60 = 0 (T cos α° = 0.464…)
A1
OE
T sin – 4 cos 60 = 0 (T sin α° = 2)
A1
OE If the two Ts are different, award maximum
A1A0 unless subsequently stated that the two Ts are
the same.
4 cos 60 2
=tan−1 =tan−1
Answer
Marks
Guidance
4 sin 60−0.3g 0.464
M1
Attempt to solve for α. No missing/extra terms. Allow
g missing. Must get to ‘α =’.
4cos60
T = = (4 cos 60 )2 +(4 sin 60−0.3g)2 = 22 +(0.464)2
Answer
Marks
Guidance
sin(their)
M1
OE Attempt to solve for T. No missing/extra terms.
Allow g missing. Must get to ‘T =’.
Answer
Marks
Guidance
Tension = 2.05 N α = 76.9
A1
For both AWRT 2.05, 76.9
(Tension = 2.05314… N α = 76.9356…)
Alternative method for Q3 using triangle of forces
Answer
Marks
Guidance
Attempt at cosine rule from triangle of forces
M1
Must use lengths 4 and 0.3g with a suitable angle.
Allow g missing.
Answer
Marks
Guidance
T2 =42 +(0.3g)2 −24(0.3g)cos30
A1
Tension = 2.05
A1
Tension = 2.05314… AWRT 2.05
Attempt at sin rule
M1
Must have angle 30° and another angle in terms of α
with correct numerators, but allow g missing.
Their T 4 Their T 0.3g
= or =
Answer
Marks
Guidance
sin30 sin(180−) sin30 sin(−30)
A1
Correct. Allow sin instead of sin(180−) .
α = 76.9
A1
α = 76.9356… AWRT 76.9
Question
Answer
Marks
3
Alternative method for Q3 using Lami’s theorem
Attempt at Lami’s theorem
M1
Must have numerators correct and at least one angle
correct. Allow g missing.
4 0.3g T
= =
Answer
Marks
Guidance
sin sin(210−) sin(150)
A1 A1
A1 for two parts second A1 for all three.
4sin210
=tan−1
Answer
Marks
Guidance
0.3g+4cos210
M1
For solving for α using compound angle formula. Must
be correct for their angles. Allow g missing.
4sin(150) 0.3gsin(150)
T = or T =
Answer
Marks
Guidance
sin sin(210−)
M1
For solving for T using their α. Allow g missing.
Tension = 2.05 N α = 76.9
A1
For both AWRT 2.05, 76.9
6
SC: Tension and the 4 N force considered in the wrong directions
Answer
Marks
Guidance
Attempt to resolve either direction
M1
Correct number of terms. Allow sin/cos mix. Allow
sign errors. Allow g missing.
T cos 60 – 4 sin = 0
Answer
Marks
Guidance
And: T sin 60 – 4 cos −0.3g= 0
A1
For both
OE If the two Ts are different, they get SC A0 unless
they subsequently state that the two Ts are the same.
T cos 60 2 T sin 60 −0.3g 2 1 3
+ =1 T2 + T2 −33T +9=16
4 4 4 4
T2−33T−7=0T =6.31 (or−1.11)
3
OR: 4 3sin−4cos=3 ⇒ 8sin(−30)=3 ⇒ =sin−1 +30
Answer
Marks
Guidance
8
M1
OE Attempt to solve for T or α. No missing/extra
terms. Allow g missing. Must get to ‘T =’ or ‘α=’.
Answer
Marks
Guidance
Question
Answer
Marks
3
T =6.31 N =52.0
A1
6
Answer
Marks
Guidance
Question
Answer
Marks
Question 3:
3 | Attempt to resolve either direction | M1 | Correct number of terms. Allow sin/cos mix. Allow
sign errors. Allow g missing.
0.3g + T cos – 4 sin 60 = 0 (T cos α° = 0.464…) | A1 | OE
T sin – 4 cos 60 = 0 (T sin α° = 2) | A1 | OE If the two Ts are different, award maximum
A1A0 unless subsequently stated that the two Ts are
the same.
4 cos 60 2
=tan−1 =tan−1
4 sin 60−0.3g 0.464 | M1 | Attempt to solve for α. No missing/extra terms. Allow
g missing. Must get to ‘α =’.
4cos60
T = = (4 cos 60 )2 +(4 sin 60−0.3g)2 = 22 +(0.464)2
sin(their) | M1 | OE Attempt to solve for T. No missing/extra terms.
Allow g missing. Must get to ‘T =’.
Tension = 2.05 N α = 76.9 | A1 | For both AWRT 2.05, 76.9
(Tension = 2.05314… N α = 76.9356…)
Alternative method for Q3 using triangle of forces
Attempt at cosine rule from triangle of forces | M1 | Must use lengths 4 and 0.3g with a suitable angle.
Allow g missing.
T2 =42 +(0.3g)2 −24(0.3g)cos30 | A1
Tension = 2.05 | A1 | Tension = 2.05314… AWRT 2.05
Attempt at sin rule | M1 | Must have angle 30° and another angle in terms of α
with correct numerators, but allow g missing.
Their T 4 Their T 0.3g
= or =
sin30 sin(180−) sin30 sin(−30) | A1 | Correct. Allow sin instead of sin(180−) .
α = 76.9 | A1 | α = 76.9356… AWRT 76.9
Question | Answer | Marks | Guidance
3 | Alternative method for Q3 using Lami’s theorem
Attempt at Lami’s theorem | M1 | Must have numerators correct and at least one angle
correct. Allow g missing.
4 0.3g T
= =
sin sin(210−) sin(150) | A1 A1 | A1 for two parts second A1 for all three.
4sin210
=tan−1
0.3g+4cos210 | M1 | For solving for α using compound angle formula. Must
be correct for their angles. Allow g missing.
4sin(150) 0.3gsin(150)
T = or T =
sin sin(210−) | M1 | For solving for T using their α. Allow g missing.
Tension = 2.05 N α = 76.9 | A1 | For both AWRT 2.05, 76.9
6
SC: Tension and the 4 N force considered in the wrong directions
Attempt to resolve either direction | M1 | Correct number of terms. Allow sin/cos mix. Allow
sign errors. Allow g missing.
T cos 60 – 4 sin = 0
And: T sin 60 – 4 cos −0.3g= 0 | A1 | For both
OE If the two Ts are different, they get SC A0 unless
they subsequently state that the two Ts are the same.
T cos 60 2 T sin 60 −0.3g 2 1 3
+ =1 T2 + T2 −33T +9=16
4 4 4 4
T2−33T−7=0T =6.31 (or−1.11)
3
OR: 4 3sin−4cos=3 ⇒ 8sin(−30)=3 ⇒ =sin−1 +30
8 | M1 | OE Attempt to solve for T or α. No missing/extra
terms. Allow g missing. Must get to ‘T =’ or ‘α=’.
Question | Answer | Marks | Guidance
3 | T =6.31 N =52.0 | A1 | (T = 6.30617…, α=52.0243…)
6
Question | Answer | Marks | Guidance
\includegraphics{figure_3}
A particle of mass 0.3 kg is held at rest by two light inextensible strings. One string is attached at an angle of $60°$ to a horizontal ceiling. The other string is attached at an angle $α°$ to a vertical wall (see diagram). The tension in the string attached to the ceiling is 4 N.
Find the tension in the string which is attached to the wall and find the value of $α$. [6]
\hfill \mbox{\textit{CAIE M1 2022 Q3 [6]}}