Edexcel D1 2012 June — Question 7 13 marks

Exam BoardEdexcel
ModuleD1 (Decision Mathematics 1)
Year2012
SessionJune
Marks13
PaperDownload PDF ↗
Mark schemeDownload PDF ↗
TopicLinear Programming
TypeConstraint derivation verification
DifficultyModerate -0.8 This is a standard D1 linear programming question requiring routine constraint formulation from verbal descriptions and graphical interpretation. Part (b) involves simple algebraic manipulation (multiplying through by 6), and the optimization uses the ruler method which is a taught technique. All steps are procedural with no novel problem-solving required.
Spec7.06a LP formulation: variables, constraints, objective function7.06b Slack variables: converting inequalities to equations7.06d Graphical solution: feasible region, two variables7.06e Sensitivity analysis: effect of changing coefficients

7. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{4ad45e8f-f50a-4125-866b-a6951f85600f-8_2491_1570_175_299} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Figure 6}
\end{figure} A company is going to hire out two types of car, standard and luxury. Let \(x\) be the number of standard cars it should buy.
Let \(y\) be the number of luxury cars it should buy. Figure 6 shows three constraints, other than \(x , y \geqslant 0\) Two of these are \(x \geqslant 20\) and \(y \geqslant 8\)
  1. Write, as an inequality, the third constraint shown in Figure 6. The company decides that at least \(\frac { 1 } { 6 }\) of the cars must be luxury cars.
  2. Express this information as an inequality and show that it simplifies to $$5 y \geqslant x$$ You must make the steps in your working clear. Each time the cars are hired they need to be prepared. It takes 5 hours to prepare a standard car and it takes 6 hours to prepare a luxury car. There are 300 hours available each week to prepare the cars.
  3. Express this information as an inequality.
  4. Add two lines and shading to Diagram 1 in the answer book to illustrate the constraints found in parts (b) and (c).
  5. Hence determine the feasible region and label it R . The company expects to make \(\pounds 80\) profit per week on each car.
    It therefore wishes to maximise \(\mathrm { P } = 80 x + 80 y\), where P is the profit per week.
  6. Use the objective line (ruler) method to find the optimal vertex, V, of the feasible region. You must clearly draw and label your objective line and the vertex V.
  7. Given that P is the expected profit, in pounds, per week, find the number of each type of car that the company should buy and the maximum expected profit.

Question 7:
Part a:
AnswerMarks Guidance
AnswerMarks Guidance
\(y \leq x\)B1 (1) CAO
Part b:
AnswerMarks Guidance
AnswerMarks Guidance
\(y \geq \frac{1}{6}(x+y)\), leading to \(6y \geq x+y\), giving \(5y \geq x\)B2,1,0 (2) b1B1: Either of first two lines; must have three terms, two in \(y\) and one in \(x\). b2B1: CSO, must have \(\geq\) throughout
Part c:
AnswerMarks Guidance
AnswerMarks Guidance
\(5x + 6y \leq 300\)B1 (1) CAO
Part d:
AnswerMarks Guidance
AnswerMarks Guidance
Two lines and shading correctly addedB1 B1 (2) \(5y = x\) drawn correctly, passes within small square of \((0,0)\) and \((50,10)\); \(5x+6y=300\) passes within small square of \((0,50)\), \((30,25)\) and \((60,0)\)
Part e:
AnswerMarks Guidance
AnswerMarks Guidance
R correctly labelledB1 (1) CAO – must have scored both marks in (d)
Part f:
AnswerMarks Guidance
AnswerMarks Guidance
Objective line correctly drawn and labelledM1 A1 Drawing objective line with correct gradient; correct line drawn (no BOD)
Optimal vertex labelledA1 (3) V labelled or clearly indicated, or coordinates written to 1dp; awrt \((9.7, 48.4)\)
Part g:
AnswerMarks Guidance
AnswerMarks Guidance
Buy 48 standard and 10 luxury cars1B1 2B1 g1B1: Finding vertex in R with integer coordinates, within 2 small squares of V; accept \((48,10)\), \((47,10)\), \((46,11)\), \((27,27)\), \((28,26)\). g2B1: CAO \((48,10)\)
Expected profit £4640 per week3B1 (3) CAO 4640
Total: 13 marks
# Question 7:

## Part a:
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| $y \leq x$ | B1 **(1)** | CAO |

## Part b:
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| $y \geq \frac{1}{6}(x+y)$, leading to $6y \geq x+y$, giving $5y \geq x$ | B2,1,0 **(2)** | b1B1: Either of first two lines; must have three terms, two in $y$ and one in $x$. b2B1: CSO, must have $\geq$ throughout |

## Part c:
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| $5x + 6y \leq 300$ | B1 **(1)** | CAO |

## Part d:
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| Two lines and shading correctly added | B1 B1 **(2)** | $5y = x$ drawn correctly, passes within small square of $(0,0)$ and $(50,10)$; $5x+6y=300$ passes within small square of $(0,50)$, $(30,25)$ and $(60,0)$ |

## Part e:
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| R correctly labelled | B1 **(1)** | CAO – must have scored both marks in (d) |

## Part f:
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| Objective line correctly drawn and labelled | M1 A1 | Drawing objective line with correct gradient; correct line drawn (no BOD) |
| Optimal vertex labelled | A1 **(3)** | V labelled or clearly indicated, or coordinates written to 1dp; awrt $(9.7, 48.4)$ |

## Part g:
| Answer | Marks | Guidance |
|--------|-------|----------|
| Buy 48 standard and 10 luxury cars | 1B1 2B1 | g1B1: Finding vertex in R with integer coordinates, within 2 small squares of V; accept $(48,10)$, $(47,10)$, $(46,11)$, $(27,27)$, $(28,26)$. g2B1: CAO $(48,10)$ |
| Expected profit £4640 per week | 3B1 **(3)** | CAO 4640 |
| **Total: 13 marks** | | |
7.

\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
  \includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{4ad45e8f-f50a-4125-866b-a6951f85600f-8_2491_1570_175_299}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Figure 6}
\end{center}
\end{figure}

A company is going to hire out two types of car, standard and luxury.

Let $x$ be the number of standard cars it should buy.\\
Let $y$ be the number of luxury cars it should buy.

Figure 6 shows three constraints, other than $x , y \geqslant 0$\\
Two of these are $x \geqslant 20$ and $y \geqslant 8$
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Write, as an inequality, the third constraint shown in Figure 6.

The company decides that at least $\frac { 1 } { 6 }$ of the cars must be luxury cars.
\item Express this information as an inequality and show that it simplifies to

$$5 y \geqslant x$$

You must make the steps in your working clear.

Each time the cars are hired they need to be prepared. It takes 5 hours to prepare a standard car and it takes 6 hours to prepare a luxury car. There are 300 hours available each week to prepare the cars.
\item Express this information as an inequality.
\item Add two lines and shading to Diagram 1 in the answer book to illustrate the constraints found in parts (b) and (c).
\item Hence determine the feasible region and label it R .

The company expects to make $\pounds 80$ profit per week on each car.\\
It therefore wishes to maximise $\mathrm { P } = 80 x + 80 y$, where P is the profit per week.
\item Use the objective line (ruler) method to find the optimal vertex, V, of the feasible region. You must clearly draw and label your objective line and the vertex V.
\item Given that P is the expected profit, in pounds, per week, find the number of each type of car that the company should buy and the maximum expected profit.
\end{enumerate}

\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel D1 2012 Q7 [13]}}