3. A student is investigating the relationship between the price ( \(y\) pence) of 100 g of chocolate and the percentage ( \(x \%\) ) of cocoa solids in the chocolate.
The following data is obtained
| Chocolate brand | A | B | C | \(D\) | \(E\) | \(F\) | G | \(H\) |
| \(x\) (\% cocoa) | 10 | 20 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 |
| \(y\) (pence) | 35 | 55 | 40 | 100 | 60 | 90 | 110 | 130 |
(You may use: \(\sum x = 315 , \sum x ^ { 2 } = 15225 , \sum y = 620 , \sum y ^ { 2 } = 56550 , \sum x y = 28750\) )
- On the graph paper on page 9 draw a scatter diagram to represent these data.
- Show that \(S _ { x y } = 4337.5\) and find \(S _ { x x }\).
The student believes that a linear relationship of the form \(y = a + b x\) could be used to describe these data.
- Use linear regression to find the value of \(a\) and the value of \(b\), giving your answers to 1 decimal place.
- Draw the regression line on your scatter diagram.
The student believes that one brand of chocolate is overpriced.
- Use the scatter diagram to
- state which brand is overpriced,
- suggest a fair price for this brand.
Give reasons for both your answers.
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The data on page 8 has been repeated here to help you
| Chocolate brand | A | \(B\) | \(C\) | D | \(E\) | \(F\) | G | \(H\) |
| \(x\) (\% cocoa) | 10 | 20 | 30 | 35 | 40 | 50 | 60 | 70 |
| \(y\) (pence) | 35 | 55 | 40 | 100 | 60 | 90 | 110 | 130 |
(You may use: \(\sum x = 315 , \sum x ^ { 2 } = 15225 , \sum y = 620 , \sum y ^ { 2 } = 56550 , \sum x y = 28750\) )