OCR Further Discrete AS 2024 June — Question 1

Exam BoardOCR
ModuleFurther Discrete AS (Further Discrete AS)
Year2024
SessionJune
TopicGroups

1 There are six non-isomorphic trees with exactly six vertices.
A student has drawn the diagram below showing six trees each with exactly six vertices. However, two of the trees that the student has drawn are isomorphic. \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{6f64abca-108c-4b81-8ccf-124dfd9cc2f6-2_222_243_388_246} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{A}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{6f64abca-108c-4b81-8ccf-124dfd9cc2f6-2_214_240_392_635} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{B}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{6f64abca-108c-4b81-8ccf-124dfd9cc2f6-2_214_241_392_1023} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{C}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{6f64abca-108c-4b81-8ccf-124dfd9cc2f6-2_218_246_758_246} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{D}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{6f64abca-108c-4b81-8ccf-124dfd9cc2f6-2_216_243_760_632} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{E}
\end{figure} \begin{figure}[h]
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{6f64abca-108c-4b81-8ccf-124dfd9cc2f6-2_214_241_762_1023} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{F}
\end{figure}
  1. Identify which two of these trees are isomorphic.
  2. Draw an example of the missing tree. Graph G has exactly six vertices.
    The degree sequence of G is \(1,1,1,3,3,3\).
  3. Without using a sketch, calculate the number of edges in graph G.
  4. Explain how the result from part (c) shows that graph G is not a tree. In a simple graph with six vertices each vertex degree must be one of the values \(0,1,2,3,4\) or 5 .
  5. Use the pigeonhole principle to show that in a simple graph with six vertices there must be at least two vertices with the same vertex degree.