| Exam Board | Edexcel |
|---|---|
| Module | M2 (Mechanics 2) |
| Year | 2016 |
| Session | January |
| Marks | 11 |
| Paper | Download PDF ↗ |
| Mark scheme | Download PDF ↗ |
| Topic | Moments |
| Type | Rod hinged to wall with string support |
| Difficulty | Standard +0.3 This is a standard M2 moments question requiring taking moments about the hinge, resolving forces parallel and perpendicular to the rod, and using a geometric constraint. Part (a) is a 'show that' with straightforward moment calculation, parts (b)(i)-(ii) involve routine resolution, and part (c) requires recognizing that φ > θ gives a constraint on b. All techniques are standard M2 material with no novel insight required, making it slightly easier than average. |
| Spec | 3.04b Equilibrium: zero resultant moment and force6.04e Rigid body equilibrium: coplanar forces |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 | Allow with \(F\). Requires all terms - condone trig confusion |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | \(F\) substituted |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 | Allow with \(F\). Requires all terms - condone trig confusion and sign errors |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | Correct unsimplified |
| A1 | Correct substituted |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | CSO |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 | Equate horizontal components of speeds: |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | Correct unsimplified |
| M1 | Use suvat for vertical speeds: condone sign errors |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | Correct unsimplified |
| DM1 | Dependent on previous 2 Ms. Follow their components. |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | \(u = 15.93\ldots\) (m s\(^{-1}\)) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| B1 | At max height, speed \(= u\cos\theta = 3\sqrt{2}\) (m s\(^{-1}\)) |
| M1 | Correct for their \(v\) at the top, \(v \neq 0\) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | Accept awrt 6.30. CSO |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 | Use suvat to find first time \(v = 6\) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 | Solve for \(t\) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | Sensitive to premature approximation. Allow 1.14. |
| A1 | CAO accept awrt 0.87 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1A1 | Find time from top to A: |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | Correct strategy |
| A1 | Correct unsimplified |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1A1 | Time to top: \(u\sin\theta - gt\) (their \(u\)) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1A1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 | Vertical speed at A \(= -\) (vertical speed at B) \(= -\sqrt{36 - (3\sqrt{2})^2 + 3\sqrt{2}}\) |
| A1 | Or use the \(45°\) angle |
| M1 | Use suvat for AB. Correct use for their values |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 | Form expression for \(v^2\). Inequality not needed at this stage |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| A1 | Correct inequality for \(v^2\) |
| Answer | Marks |
|---|---|
| M1 |
| Answer | Marks |
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| A1 |
| Answer | Marks |
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| A1 |
# Question 6
## 6(b)
**X component:**
M1 | Allow with $F$. Requires all terms - condone trig confusion
$$\frac{5mga}{b} = F\sin\theta\cos\theta + \sin\theta$$
A1 | $F$ substituted
$$\frac{5mga}{b}$$
**Y component:**
M1 | Allow with $F$. Requires all terms - condone trig confusion and sign errors
$$\frac{5mga}{4mg} = F\cos^2\theta - 4mg\cos\theta$$
A1 | Correct unsimplified
A1 | Correct substituted
---
## 6(c)
M1 |
$$\tan\theta = \frac{\tan\theta_Y}{\tan\theta_X} = \frac{\frac{5a}{4}\cos^2\theta}{b}$$
$$\frac{5a}{b}\cos\sin\theta$$
$$\frac{5a}{4}\cos^2\theta - \frac{5a}{b}\sin^2\theta$$
$$\frac{5a}{4b} - \frac{5a}{b} \cdot \frac{5}{4}$$
A1 | CSO
---
## 7a
M1 | Equate horizontal components of speeds:
$$u\cos\theta = 6\cos 45° = 3\sqrt{2} = 4.24\ldots$$
A1 | Correct unsimplified
M1 | Use suvat for vertical speeds: condone sign errors
$$u\sin\theta = 2g - 6\sin 45° = 2g - 3\sqrt{2}$$
A1 | Correct unsimplified
DM1 | Dependent on previous 2 Ms. Follow their components.
$$\tan\theta = \frac{2g - 3\sqrt{2}}{3\sqrt{2}} = 3.61\ldots \approx 74.6° \text{ or } 75°$$
A1 | $u = 15.93\ldots$ (m s$^{-1}$)
---
## 7b
B1 | At max height, speed $= u\cos\theta = 3\sqrt{2}$ (m s$^{-1}$)
M1 | Correct for their $v$ at the top, $v \neq 0$
$$KE = \frac{1}{2} \times 0.7 \times (3\sqrt{2})^2$$
A1 | Accept awrt 6.30. CSO
$$= 6.3 \text{ (J)}$$
---
## 7c
M1 | Use suvat to find first time $v = 6$
$$u\sin\theta - t = 3\sqrt{2}$$
A1 |
$$2g - 3\sqrt{2} - gt = 3\sqrt{2}$$
M1 | Solve for $t$
$$t = \frac{2g - 6\sqrt{2}}{g} = 1.13\ldots$$
A1 | Sensitive to premature approximation. Allow 1.14.
A1 | CAO accept awrt 0.87
$$T = 2 \times 1.13 - 0.87$$
---
## Alt 7c (Method 1)
M1A1 | Find time from top to A:
$$6\sin 45° - gt = \frac{12\sqrt{2}}{2}$$
M1 |
$$T = 2t - \frac{g}{0.87}$$
A1 | Correct strategy
A1 | Correct unsimplified
---
## Alt 7c (Method 2)
M1A1 | Time to top: $u\sin\theta - gt$ (their $u$)
$$t = 1.567\ldots$$
M1A1 |
$$T = 2 \times 2 - 1.567\ldots = 0.87$$
A1 |
---
## Alt 7c (Method 3)
M1 | Vertical speed at A $= -$ (vertical speed at B) $= -\sqrt{36 - (3\sqrt{2})^2 + 3\sqrt{2}}$
A1 | Or use the $45°$ angle
M1 | Use suvat for AB. Correct use for their values
$$3\sqrt{2} - 3\sqrt{2} - gT$$
A1 |
$$T = 0.87$$
A1 |
---
## Alt 7d
M1 | Form expression for $v^2$. Inequality not needed at this stage
$$v^2 = (3\sqrt{2})^2 + u\sin\theta t^2 = 36$$
A1 | Correct inequality for $v^2$
$$18 - u\sin\theta t = 18$$
M1 |
$$t = \frac{u\sin\theta - 18}{g} = \frac{u\sin\theta - 18}{g}$$
A1 |
$$T = \frac{u\sin\theta - 18}{g} + \frac{u\sin\theta - 18}{g} = \frac{2 \times 18}{g} = 0.866$$
A1 |
6.
\begin{figure}[h]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{e6d100ff-dd4a-4591-a0a3-81761773045e-11_757_1269_233_331}
\captionsetup{labelformat=empty}
\caption{Figure 3}
\end{center}
\end{figure}
A uniform rod $A B$, of mass $3 m$ and length $2 a$, is freely hinged at $A$ to a fixed point on horizontal ground. A particle of mass $m$ is attached to the rod at the end $B$. The system is held in equilibrium by a force $\mathbf { F }$ acting at the point $C$, where $A C = b$. The rod makes an acute angle $\theta$ with the ground, as shown in Figure 3. The line of action of $\mathbf { F }$ is perpendicular to the rod and in the same vertical plane as the rod.
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\alph*)]
\item Show that the magnitude of $\mathbf { F }$ is $\frac { 5 m g a } { b } \cos \theta$
The force exerted on the rod by the hinge at $A$ is $\mathbf { R }$, which acts upwards at an angle $\phi$ above the horizontal, where $\phi > \theta$.
\item Find
\begin{enumerate}[label=(\roman*)]
\item the component of $\mathbf { R }$ parallel to the rod, in terms of $m , g$ and $\theta$,
\item the component of $\mathbf { R }$ perpendicular to the rod, in terms of $a , b , m , g$ and $\theta$.
\end{enumerate}\item Hence, or otherwise, find the range of possible values of $b$, giving your answer in terms of $a$.
\end{enumerate}
\hfill \mbox{\textit{Edexcel M2 2016 Q6 [11]}}