CAIE
FP2
2009
November
Q10
10 marks
Challenging +1.2
An archer shoots at a target. It may be assumed that each shot is independent of all other shots and that, on average, she hits the bull's-eye with 3 shots in 20. Find the probability that she requires at least 6 shots to hit the bull's-eye. [3]
When she hits the bull's-eye for the third time her total number of shots is \(Y\). Show that
$$\mathrm{P}(Y = r) = \frac{1}{2}(r - 1)(r - 2)\left(\frac{3}{20}\right)^3\left(\frac{17}{20}\right)^{r-3}.$$ [3]
Simplify \(\frac{\mathrm{P}(Y = r + 1)}{\mathrm{P}(Y = r)}\), and hence find the set of values of \(r\) for which \(\mathrm{P}(Y = r + 1) < \mathrm{P}(Y = r)\). Deduce the most probable value of \(Y\). [4]