OCR MEI C3 (Core Mathematics 3)

2 Fig. 8 shows the curve \(y = 3 \ln x + x - x ^ { 2 }\).
The curve crosses the \(x\)-axis at P and Q , and has a turning point at R . The \(x\)-coordinate of Q is approximately 2.05 . \begin{figure}[h] \end{figure}

1. Verify that the coordinates of P are \(( 1,0 )\).
2. Find the coordinates of R , giving the \(y\)-coordinate correct to 3 significant figures. Find \(\frac { \mathrm { d } ^ { 2 } y } { \mathrm {~d} x ^ { 2 } }\), and use this to verify that R is a maximum point.
3. Find \(\int \ln x \mathrm {~d} x\). Hence calculate the area of the region enclosed by the curve and the \(x\)-axis between P and Q , giving your answer to 2 significant figures.

3 Fig. 9 shows the curve \(y = \mathrm { f } ( x )\), where \(\mathrm { f } ( x ) = \frac { \mathrm { e } ^ { 2 x } } { 1 + \mathrm { e } ^ { 2 x } }\). The curve crosses the \(y\)-axis at P . \begin{figure}[h] \end{figure}

1. Find the coordinates of P .
2. Find \(\frac { \mathrm { d } y } { \mathrm {~d} x }\), simplifying your answer. Hence calculate the gradient of the curve at P .
3. Show that the area of the region enclosed by \(y = \mathrm { f } ( x )\), the \(x\)-axis, the \(y\)-axis and the line \(x = 1\) is \(\frac { 1 } { 2 } \ln \left( \frac { 1 + \mathrm { e } ^ { 2 } } { 2 } \right)\). The function \(\mathrm { g } ( x )\) is defined by \(\mathrm { g } ( x ) = \frac { 1 } { 2 } \left( \frac { \mathrm { e } ^ { x } - \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } } { \mathrm { e } ^ { x } + \mathrm { e } ^ { - x } } \right)\).
4. Prove algebraically that \(\mathrm { g } ( x )\) is an odd function. Interpret this result graphically.
5. (A) Show that \(\mathrm { g } ( x ) + \frac { 1 } { 2 } = \mathrm { f } ( x )\).
   (B) Describe the transformation which maps the curve \(y = \mathrm { g } ( x )\) onto the curve \(y = \mathrm { f } ( x )\).
   (C) What can you conclude about the symmetry of the curve \(y = \mathrm { f } ( x )\) ?