CAIE M2 (Mechanics 2) 2009 November

1 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{68acf474-5da2-4949-b3b2-fc42cd73bd4a-2_113_787_264_680} A light elastic spring of natural length 0.25 m and modulus of elasticity 100 N is held horizontally between two parallel plates. The axis of the spring is at right angles to each of the plates. The horizontal force exerted on the spring by each of the plates is 20 N (see diagram). Find the amount by which the spring is compressed and hence write down the distance between the plates.

2 A particle of mass 0.2 kg is attached to one end of a light elastic string of natural length 0.6 m and modulus of elasticity 4 N . The other end of the string is attached to a fixed point \(O\). The particle is held at a point which is \(( 0.6 + x ) \mathrm { m }\) vertically below \(O\). The particle is released from rest. In the subsequent motion the speed of the particle is \(3 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) when the string becomes slack. By considering energy, find the value of \(x\).

3 \begin{figure}[h] \end{figure} A uniform solid cylinder has mass 8 kg and height 16 cm . A uniform solid cone, whose base radius is the same as the radius of the cylinder, has mass 2 kg and height 12 cm . A composite solid is formed by joining the cylinder and cone so that the base of the cone coincides with one end of the cylinder (see Fig. 1).

1. Show that the centre of mass of the composite solid is 10.2 cm from its base. \begin{figure}[h]
   \includegraphics[alt={},max width=\textwidth]{68acf474-5da2-4949-b3b2-fc42cd73bd4a-2_401_444_1877_849} \captionsetup{labelformat=empty} \caption{Fig. 2}
   \end{figure} The composite solid is held with a point on the circumference of its base in contact with a horizontal table. The base makes an angle \(\theta ^ { \circ }\) with the table (see Fig. 2, which shows a cross-section). When the cone is released it moves towards the equilibrium position in which its base is in contact with the table.
2. Given that the radius of the base is 4 cm , find the greatest possible value of \(\theta\), correct to 1 decimal place.

4 A particle is projected from a point \(O\) with speed \(V \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle \(\theta\) above the horizontal. After 0.3 s the particle is moving with speed \(25 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) at an angle \(\tan ^ { - 1 } \left( \frac { 7 } { 24 } \right)\) above the horizontal.

1. Show that \(V \cos \theta = 24\).
2. Find the value of \(V \sin \theta\), and hence find \(V\) and \(\theta\).

5 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{68acf474-5da2-4949-b3b2-fc42cd73bd4a-3_405_545_630_799} A uniform lamina \(A O B\) is in the shape of a sector of a circle with centre \(O\) and radius 0.5 m , and has angle \(A O B = \frac { 1 } { 3 } \pi\) radians and weight 3 N . The lamina is freely hinged at \(O\) to a fixed point and is held in equilibrium with \(A O\) vertical by a force of magnitude \(F \mathrm {~N}\) acting at \(B\). The direction of this force is at right angles to \(O B\) (see diagram). Find

1. the value of \(F\),
2. the magnitude of the force acting on the lamina at \(O\).

6 \includegraphics[max width=\textwidth, alt={}, center]{68acf474-5da2-4949-b3b2-fc42cd73bd4a-3_504_878_1557_632} One end of a light inextensible string of length 0.7 m is attached to a fixed point \(A\). The other end of the string is attached to a particle \(P\) of mass 0.25 kg . The particle \(P\) moves in a circle on a smooth horizontal table with constant speed \(1.5 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\). The string is taut and makes an angle of \(40 ^ { \circ }\) with the vertical (see diagram). Find

1. the tension in the string,
2. the force exerted on \(P\) by the table. \(P\) now moves in the same horizontal circle with constant angular speed \(\omega \operatorname { rad~s } ^ { - 1 }\).
3. Find the maximum value of \(\omega\) for which \(P\) remains on the table.

7 A particle \(P\) of mass 0.1 kg is projected vertically upwards from a point \(O\) with speed \(20 \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\). Air resistance of magnitude \(0.1 v \mathrm {~N}\) opposes the motion, where \(v \mathrm {~m} \mathrm {~s} ^ { - 1 }\) is the speed of \(P\) at time \(t \mathrm {~s}\) after projection.

1. Show that, while \(P\) is moving upwards, \(\frac { 1 } { v + 10 } \frac { \mathrm {~d} v } { \mathrm {~d} t } = - 1\).
2. Hence find an expression for \(v\) in terms of \(t\), and explain why it is valid only for \(0 \leqslant t \leqslant \ln 3\).
3. Find the initial acceleration of \(P\).